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Children in Families Affected by Illness and Death

الكاتب Wadifa Club اخر تحديث septembre 30, 2019

All children, in the normal course of their development, learn about being sick, and most, by the time they enter school, have at least rudimentary understanding of the word “dead” through the experience of seeing dead insects and animals. However, when a young child lives in a family in which a parent has a recurring illness such as cancer and/or in which an older sibling dies suddenly of a drug overdose, the child’s confusion and anxiety about his or her own personal survival and that of the well parent are entirely understandable. In the case outlined here and described throughout this chapter, we see that this was the family context of illness and death in which young Sabrina completed kindergarten and entered first grade. Mrs. Rossi had been married previously; her first husband had died of a heart attack at the age of 45, when John was 14. She stated that her husband had a history of depression and alcoholism and that they had been separated since John was 2½. Neither she nor J...

Children in Families Affected by Illness and Death

الكاتب Wadifa Club اخر تحديث septembre 30, 2019

All children, in the normal course of their development, learn about being sick, and most, by the time they enter school, have at least rudimentary understanding of the word “dead” through the experience of seeing dead insects and animals. However, when a young child lives in a family in which a parent has a recurring illness such as cancer and/or in which an older sibling dies suddenly of a drug overdose, the child’s confusion and anxiety about his or her own personal survival and that of the well parent are entirely understandable. In the case outlined here and described throughout this chapter, we see that this was the family context of illness and death in which young Sabrina completed kindergarten and entered first grade. Mrs. Rossi had been married previously; her first husband had died of a heart attack at the age of 45, when John was 14. She stated that her husband had a history of depression and alcoholism and that they had been separated since John was 2½. Neither she nor J...

Case Example 2: The World Trade Center Attack, September 11, 2001

الكاتب Wadifa Club اخر تحديث septembre 28, 2019

It is chilling to face the reality that terrorism has increased so significantly since the first World Trade Center bombing in 1993. The truck bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City killed 168 people and injured more than 500 others (Kight, 1998), and the four plane crashes on September 11, 2001, killed almost 3,000 and affected millions of citizens who watched the events unfold on television and who joined in the national grieving process. After September 11, I developed a new tripartite formulation for the assessment of the traumatically bereaved child (Webb, 2002b), specifying factors that are particularly compelling for traumatically bereaved children following terrorist attacks. Included are the following, which are fully discussed in Helping Bereaved Children (Webb, 2002a, 2010): • Extent of violence/trauma/death (including degree of destruction and proximity to the event) • Degree of life threat • Solitary versus shared experience • Loss of a family...

ESTABLISHING PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIPS

الكاتب Wadifa Club اخر تحديث septembre 24, 2019

The Smiths’ case, like most, would have required that the social worker relate to many different individuals— both clients and other professionals—in the process of carrying out the social work role. Relationships with Clients Several decades ago, Perlman (1979) identified the main features of professionals’ relationships with clients as stemming from their purpose, their time-limited and client-centered nature, and the implicit expectation that the professional will exercise responsibility and self-control in carrying out his or her role. This means that the worker–client relationship is quite different from social relationships because it is essentially unbalanced, with the primary focus on the client and on the purpose of the contact. The power of the professional relationship flows from the client’s experience of personal validation through being the full center of another person’s attention. Carl Rogers’s client-centered approach to therapy (see Rogers, 1951) emphasizes the spec...

GOALS FOR HELPING CHILDREN IN DIVORCING OR BLENDED FAMILIES

الكاتب Wadifa Club اخر تحديث septembre 29, 2019

Depending on the circumstances of each case, individual, family, or group methods can help children in single-parent, divorcing, or blended families express and resolve some of their feelings of loss and stress. Regardless of the method, the work must emphasize that the adults are responsible for creating and resolving the family difficulties. Children must be reminded repeatedly that they did not cause the situation and that, because they are children, they cannot remedy it. The adults involved must free the children to proceed with their lives and to leave adult concerns to adults. This is generally easier said than done, both for the adults and for the children, who become accustomed to sharing adult conflicts and worries. Wallerstein (1983) and Wallerstein and Blakeslee (1989) describe six “psychological tasks” that children of divorce must successfully resolve. I propose that these same tasks, with minor adaptations, also apply to children of single (never-married) parents and t...

Referral and Consultation with Mental Health Agency

الكاتب Wadifa Club اخر تحديث septembre 28, 2019

The social worker made an immediate referral to a local mental health agency to arrange a psychiatric evaluation and therapy and to provide Pedro’s father with consultation regarding parenting, as well as psychotherapy to address his own depression. With Mr. Lopez’s written permission, the social worker served as the liaison between the school and the mental health agency, updating the therapist on Pedro’s progress at school and providing feedback regarding the effectiveness of the medication that was prescribed. The therapist and psychiatrist remained baffled for a time regarding Pedro’s diagnosis and treatment. They proceeded with the working diagnostic hypothesis of ADHD complicated by PTSD. After several months of treatment with minimal progress, Mr. Lopez brought Pedro to the county medical center, where he had a pediatric neurodevelopment evaluation. It was there that Pedro was diagnosed with autism. This diagnosis was initially difficult for Mr. Lopez to accept, although it w...

septembre 201944

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